Title: A scoping review of risk perception bias in cardiovascular diseases
Abstract:
Objective: To conduct a scoping review on studies of risk perception bias in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), sort out the assessment methods, target populations, current status, and influencing factors of such bias, and provide a reference for future risk communication and clinical application in CVD prevention and treatment.
Methods: Following the methodological framework of scoping reviews, systematic searches were conducted in databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). The search period covered from the establishment of each database to August 1, 2025.
Results: A total of 33 studies were included. The application scope of risk perception bias in CVDs involves both primary prevention and secondary prevention of the disease. Multiple assessment methods were identified: subjective assessment mainly relies on single-item tools, objective assessment commonly uses the Framingham Risk Score, and cross-tabulations are frequently adopted for bias comparison. Influencing factors include patients’ personal factors, psychosocial factors, and healthcare providers’ factors. Currently, the specificity and scientificity of assessment methods need optimization, and their application has certain limitations.
Conclusion: The incidence of risk perception bias in CVDs is relatively high. There are various measurement methods, which are affected by multiple factors. Further research on localized and standardized measurement of CVD risk perception bias is required.
