Abstract
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Background: Nurse managers are central to patient outcomes, staff performance, and organizational success, yet limited research has examined what predicts their leaders hip competencies within multicultural healthcare systems such as those in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Objective: Using the American Organization for Nursing Leadership (AONL) Nurse Manager Competency Framework, this study investigated individual, experiential, and organizational factors influencing competencies across three dimensions: The Art, The Science, The Leader Within, and overall leadership competencies among nurse managers.
Methods: A quantitative, correlational, cross sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 151 nurse managers from government and private hospitals in Riyadh, KSA. Four multiple regression models assessed predictors of nurse managers leadership competencies. Independent variables included confidence in the nurse manager role, managerial experience, prior leadership training, perceived impact on patient outcomes and KPIs, nationality, and hospital context. Competency scores served as dependent variables.
Results: Confidence in the nurse manager role was the strongest and most consistent predictor across nearly all competency dimensions. Managerial experience was the second most influential factor, while prior leadership training significantly predicted overall competency and selected subdomains. Perceived impact on outcomes, nationality, and hospital context also contributed to variations in competency.
Conclusions: Findings highlight the multifactorial nature of nurse managers leadership competencies and emphasize the need for integrated strategies that strengthen confidence, experience, and structured leadership preparation among nurse managers in KSA healthcare settings.
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